System of electrical distribution.



J. L. WOODBRIDGE.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.25. 1910.

1 120,006, Patented Dec. 8, 1914.

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JOSEPH LESTER WOODBRIDGE, OF PHILADELPHIA. PENNSYLVANIA,

SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 8, 1914.

Application filed August 25, 1910. Serial No. 578,853.

Toall whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOSEPH LESTER Wool)- nnroos, a' citizen of the United States, and residing in the city of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Systems of Electrical Distribution, of which the following/{is a specification.

y invention relates to systems such as described iriPatent No. 895760 to R. C. Hull and Patent #895825 to myself. In these systems a storage battery and regulating ap paratus are provided for controlling the fluctuations of load of an electric circuit, and a device is also included for adjusting the ordinary battery regulating apparatus whereby slow changes in the average load are transferred to the generating source. In the patent last mentioned above means are provided for stopping the transfer of load to the generator when the generator load reaches some predetermined valve, such means, as'dis'closed in that patent, being directly responsive to the load on the gen erator. In the present invention I provide similar means for stoppingv the transfer of load to the generator, but in this case these means are made responsiveto the s eed of the generator rather than to the loa on the same. This modification presents certain advantages over thesystem disclosed in my patent above cited under certain conditions, particularly where the number of generators connected to the circuit is varied from time to time thus requiring either a device in circuit with each generator, or the frequent adjustment of the device for limiting the generator load if only one ofthese is connected into the ci reiiit carrying the total generator load.

M' invention will be more clearly understood by reference tothe following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing.

The drawing is a diagrammatic view of a system of electric'distribution embodyingfeatutes of the invention;

In the drawing A is a source of 3 phase alternating current connected to the circuit l23'and supplying power to the translating devices Z. It will be understood that the speed of the source A and the frequency of the alternating current supplied thereby will vary more or less with the amount of load on said source. A storage battery B is shown connected across the terminals of a direct current machine D which is direct connected to a synchronous machine C, the latter being electrically connected by the conductors 4'.56 to. the circuit 12-3 in the usual manner. The machine D isprovided with the usual shunt field winding F, and a regulating field winding F This latter winding is controlled by the carbonregulator E in the usual manner. This regula or consists. of 2 piles of carbon disks K and K connected in series across the battery B and subjected to pressure by means of the lever L pivoted at its center. The operat on of this lever iscontrolled by a solenoid M at one end, this solenoid being connected into, the conductor 3, and by an adjustable spring() at the other end. The field winding F is connected between the middle point of the battery B and a point in the circuit intermediate between. the two carbon piles K and-K so that. variation in pressure on one or the other of these piles,

produced by the lever L, .will control theamount and direction of current in the'field winding F ing will be to increaseor decrease the total the latter being operated by the motor .V.-

The armature of the motor V is' supplied with a substantially constant current b being connected across the terminals 0 the machine D by means of conductors 21 and The effect of this field windexcitation of the machine,-raisingorloWer- ,ing its voltage above orbe'low thatof'the battery, thus causing the battery to charge 24. The amount of current in this circuit.

may be adjusted by means of the rheostat R.

The field winding W of the motor V is connected across a resistance S in the batterycircuit so that normally the current in the field winding W varies in amountand direction with the charge and discharge of the.

battery.

The mode of operation of the apparatus thus far described is as follows: When the battery is discharging, due to an increase of load on the circuit .1-23, the excitation of the field winding l/V produces motion of the motor V in the direction to increase the tension of the spring and transfer the increase of load gradually to the source A.

When the battery. is charging the motor V operates in the Opposite direction relieving the source A of a portion of its load.

In order to prevent further transfer 0 load to the source A under certain conditions, a'* device X is shown, and an electrolytic valve G. The latter: is connected in the circuit of the field W and is normally short circuited at the contact 17218, so that it' has no effect so long as this contact, is

closed. The device X maybe a standard frequency indicator such as is ordinarily employed for indicatingon a-dial the fro-- quency of an alternating current circuit, and

in the drawings it is shown as such, although in simplified and somewhat diagrammatic form. A frequencyindicatoris a. well unof frequency. If the in dic ator is intended solenoid 15 is an inductance 'coil v13.

for use in connection with, ,for 'example, a frequencyof 25 cycles per second the pointer will move in response to a very small change, such as one quarter of a cycle per second.

Such an indicator as has been .last described y can be adapted for applicants use by caus ing its pointer to eoiiperate' with a such as 17, so that-whenthe pointer moves it makes and breaksacircuitjatlthe contact.

- The contact finger 18 is pivoted at 16 and is normally held in contactfwith the contactpoint 17 by means of the spring; 23. The position of the eontactfinger f 18, is 'con-, trolled by two solenoids l l -andl lfn Solenoid 1-1 tends to bring the finger 18 into contact with the point1 7, while theisolenoid 15 tends to open said contact. These .two solenoids are connectedaerOss the conductors 2 and 3.. In series with solenoid 14 is a noninductive resistance 12. In series with. At some predetermined frequency on the alter-i nating current circuit these two solenoids 1% and 15 will just balanceueach other. The efl'ect'of the resistance l2-will not be altered by change of frequency while thercactanee of the inductance coil 13 will vary with the frequency so that a reduction in the frequency will cause the current in the solenoid 15 to increase. If the frequency on the circuit 123 falls to a certain point this increase of current in the solenoid 15 will be suflicient to overcome the tension of the spring 23, and open the contact at 171F. This will open the short circuit around the valve G and this valve isso connected into A of some of its load and the increase in speed resulting from :this will weaken the effect of solenoid 15 and restore the contact at 17 and 18. i p

The apparatus shown at X is similar to well known devices for indicating variaT tionsof frequency on an alternating current circuit; It will be understood, however, that any other of the well known means responsive to changes of frequency or speed may be substituted for the device shown at X. I

Other changes in details may .be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What I claim, therefore, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A system of electrical distribution com-' prising the combination of analternating current circuit, a storage battery, a battery circuit, transforming apparatus for trans:

ferring energy betweenthe battery circuit and the alternatingcurrent circuit, a regulator for said transformingfapparatus haw ing parts responsive to fluctuations from an average condition on the alternating current circuit, means responsive to Y the electrical condition of the battery circuit for adjusting the regulator, and a device responsive to the frequency on the circuit for interrupting the operation. of the adjusting means, substantially as described.

2. A system of electrical distribution com prising the combination "of an alternating current circuit and its source, a storage battery, transforming apparatus for transfer-v ring energy between the battery and the circuit, a regulator for the transforming apparatus and which is responsive to changes of load, and adapted to refer. quick fluctuations to the battery and slower fluctuations to' the source, and means responsive to frequency and adapted to prevent the regulator from referring slower fluctuations to the source, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto A signed my name. v

JOSEPH LESTER WOODBRIDGE.

Witnesses: Y

R. A'AWVnETsToNE, Jr., C. AMBRUSTER. 

